FAA Policy and Guidance on Aircraft Fire Extinguishers

PS-ANM-25-19 – Policy on Aircraft Fire Extinguishers in Transport Category Airplanes

This FAA policy statement provides manufacturers and operators with guidance on fire extinguisher installation in transport category aircraft. It discusses the selection of fire extinguishers based on aircraft size, cabin layout, and fire risks. Additionally, it explains the integration of fire extinguishing systems in compliance with 14 CFR Part 25 regulations, ensuring that aircraft meet safety standards for inflight fire suppression.

AC 120-80B – In-Flight Firefighting Procedures

This Advisory Circular (AC) provides best practices for in-flight fire suppression and firefighting procedures. It details crew training requirements, selection and placement of fire extinguishers, and response protocols for common onboard fire hazards, including lithium battery fires. This AC serves as a key reference for air carriers under Part 121 and charter operators under Part 135 to ensure they are prepared to handle onboard fires effectively.

Duncan-AFS-200-2_2011_Legal_Interpretation – Legal Interpretation of Fire Extinguisher Regulations

This FAA legal interpretation clarifies the applicability of fire extinguisher regulations in various aircraft operations. It answers regulatory questions about the placement, maintenance, and type of extinguishers required under different parts of the Federal Aviation Regulations (FARs). It also addresses how regulations apply to older aircraft models, modifications, and operators under maintenance programs.

InFO 17021 – Fire Extinguisher Safety Concerns

This Information for Operators (InFO) bulletin highlights common safety concerns regarding aircraft fire extinguishers, such as improper usage, expired units, and the risks of using the wrong extinguishing agent. It provides recommendations for conducting regular inspections, training personnel on extinguisher use, and ensuring compliance with FAA regulations.

InFO 18013 – Updated Recommendations on Fire Extinguishers

This FAA notice offers updated guidance for selecting and maintaining fire extinguishers in commercial aircraft. It emphasizes the importance of using non-corrosive extinguishing agents to prevent damage to aircraft components and advises on best practices for handling fires involving lithium-ion batteries. The InFO is particularly relevant for airline maintenance personnel and flight crews.

Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR) for Fire Extinguishers

14 CFR 29.851 – Rotorcraft Fire Extinguisher Requirements

This regulation mandates the number, type, and placement of fire extinguishers in helicopters (rotorcraft) certified under Part 29. It ensures that extinguishers are accessible to both crew and passengers in case of an onboard fire. The rule also outlines the minimum extinguisher rating and maintenance requirements to prevent failure during emergencies.

14 CFR 25.851 – Transport Category Airplane Fire Extinguishers

This regulation establishes fire extinguisher requirements for transport-category airplanes, including commercial jets and large private aircraft. It specifies the placement of portable fire extinguishers throughout the cabin, cargo compartments, and lavatories. The rule also requires that extinguishers contain an agent effective on different types of fires, such as Class A (combustibles), Class B (flammable liquids), and Class C (electrical fires).

14 CFR 135.155 – Fire Extinguisher Standards for Air Taxi and Commuter Aircraft

This rule applies to Part 135 operators, such as charter flights and commuter aircraft, requiring that all aircraft be equipped with at least one properly maintained fire extinguisher. The regulation sets minimum standards for fire suppression agents and requires that all onboard extinguishers be readily accessible to crew members.

14 CFR 29.1307 – General Equipment Requirements for Rotorcraft

This section includes requirements for fire extinguishers as part of a broader set of safety equipment necessary for helicopter operations. It ensures compliance with FAA safety standards and mandates that fire suppression systems are included in aircraft design approvals.

14 CFR 91.513 – Fire Extinguishing Equipment for General Aviation

This rule applies to privately operated aircraft, setting requirements for the minimum number of fire extinguishers based on aircraft seating capacity. It also mandates regular inspections and specifies that the extinguishers must be capable of handling fires common in aviation environments.

14 CFR 91.1083 – Fractional Ownership Program Fire Extinguisher Rules

This regulation requires that aircraft operated under fractional ownership programs comply with fire extinguisher placement and training standards similar to those of commercial operators.

14 CFR 135.331 – Crew Training for Fire Emergencies

This rule mandates that flight crews receive initial and recurrent training on fire extinguisher usage. The training must cover proper operation, fire suppression techniques, and emergency response protocols.

14 CFR Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 109 (15) – Special Fire Extinguisher Rules

This special regulation provides exemptions or modifications to existing fire extinguisher requirements in unique aviation circumstances, such as experimental aircraft or specific military transport operations.

14 CFR 25.1197 – Powerplant Fire Protection

This section requires that aircraft engines be equipped with fire detection and extinguishing systems. It specifies fire suppression requirements for engine nacelles and auxiliary power units (APUs).

Hazardous Materials and Fire Extinguisher Cylinder Regulations

49 CFR 173.309 – Hazardous Material Transport Regulations for Fire Extinguishers

This regulation governs the transport of fire extinguishers as hazardous materials. It specifies the packaging, labeling, and shipping requirements to prevent accidental discharge or rupture during transportation.

49 CFR 180.209 – Fire Extinguisher Cylinder Maintenance and Testing

This rule details the testing and maintenance requirements for fire extinguisher cylinders used in aviation. It establishes standards for pressure testing, visual inspections, and requalification procedures to ensure fire suppression systems remain functional.